{"id":203,"date":"2019-08-20T17:04:06","date_gmt":"2019-08-20T21:04:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/chapter\/arithmetic-sequences\/"},"modified":"2022-06-01T10:39:39","modified_gmt":"2022-06-01T14:39:39","slug":"arithmetic-sequences","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/chapter\/arithmetic-sequences\/","title":{"raw":"Arithmetic Sequences","rendered":"Arithmetic Sequences"},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\nIn this section, you will:\n<ul>\n \t<li>Find the common difference for an arithmetic sequence.<\/li>\n \t<li>Write terms of an arithmetic sequence.<\/li>\n \t<li>Use a recursive formula for an arithmetic sequence.<\/li>\n \t<li>Use an explicit formula for an arithmetic sequence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137594036\">Companies often make large purchases, such as computers and vehicles, for business use. The book-value of these supplies decreases each year for tax purposes. This decrease in value is called depreciation. One method of calculating depreciation is straight-line depreciation, in which the value of the asset decreases by the same amount each year.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137474566\">As an example, consider a woman who starts a small contracting business. She purchases a new truck for $25,000. After five years, she estimates that she will be able to sell the truck for $8,000. The loss in value of the truck will therefore be $17,000, which is $3,400 per year for five years. The truck will be worth $21,600 after the first year; $18,200 after two years; $14,800 after three years; $11,400 after four years; and $8,000 at the end of five years. In this section, we will consider specific kinds of sequences that will allow us to calculate depreciation, such as the truck\u2019s value.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137417740\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h3>Finding Common Differences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137823944\">The values of the truck in the example are said to form an <strong>arithmetic sequence<\/strong> because they change by a constant amount each year. Each term increases or decreases by the same constant value called the <strong>common difference<\/strong> of the sequence. For this sequence, the common difference is \u20133,400.<\/p>\n<span id=\"fs-id1165135541598\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154725\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_001.jpg\" alt=\"A sequence, {25000, 21600, 18200, 14800, 8000}, that shows the terms differ only by -3400.\"><\/span>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137639689\">The sequence below is another example of an arithmetic sequence. In this case, the constant difference is 3. You can choose any <span class=\"no-emphasis\">term<\/span> of the <span class=\"no-emphasis\">sequence<\/span>, and add 3 to find the subsequent term.<\/p>\n<span id=\"fs-id1165137644646\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154737\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_002.jpg\" alt=\"A sequence {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, ...} that shows the terms only differ by 3.\"><\/span>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137855317\" class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137805059\">An arithmetic sequence is a sequence that has the property that the difference between any two consecutive terms is a constant. This constant is called the common difference. If [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] is the first term of an arithmetic sequence and [latex]d[\/latex] is the common difference, the sequence will be:<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165132164820\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{{a}_{n}\\right\\}=\\left\\{{a}_{1},{a}_{1}+d,{a}_{1}+2d,{a}_{1}+3d,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_01\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137656656\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137404616\">\n<h3>Finding Common Differences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137849000\">Is each sequence arithmetic? If so, find the common difference.<\/p>\n\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137664533\" type=\"a\">\n \t<li>[latex]\\left\\{1,2,4,8,16,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/li>\n \t<li>[latex]\\left\\{-3,1,5,9,13,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137698067\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n\n[reveal-answer q=\"380943\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"380943\"]\n\nSubtract each term from the subsequent term to determine whether a common difference exists.\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137558244\" type=\"a\">\n \t<li>The sequence is not arithmetic because there is no common difference.\n<span id=\"fs-id1165137767692\"><img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154742\/Eqn1.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li>The sequence is arithmetic because there is a common difference. The common difference is 4.\n<span id=\"eip-id1165137580124\"><img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154744\/Eqn2.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137677499\">\n<h4>Analysis<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137578542\">The graph of each of these sequences is shown in <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_003\">(Figure)<\/a>. We can see from the graphs that, although both sequences show growth, [latex]a[\/latex] is not linear whereas [latex]b[\/latex] is linear. Arithmetic sequences have a constant rate of change so their graphs will always be points on a line.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"975\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154756\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_003.jpg\" alt=\"Two graphs of arithmetic sequences. Graph (a) grows exponentially while graph (b) grows linearly.\" width=\"975\" height=\"304\"> <strong>Figure 1.<\/strong>[\/caption]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137722470\" class=\"precalculus qa textbox shaded\">\n\n<strong>If we are told that a sequence is arithmetic, do we have to subtract every term from the following term to find the common difference?<\/strong>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137605197\"><em> No. If we know that the sequence is arithmetic, we can choose any one term in the sequence, and subtract it from the subsequent term to find the common difference.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135169188\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_01\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137726089\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135160082\">Is the given sequence arithmetic? If so, find the common difference.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137926653\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{18,\\text{ }16,\\text{ }14,\\text{ }12,\\text{ }10,\\dots \\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137570226\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137570226\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137570226\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137422916\">The sequence is arithmetic. The common difference is [latex]\u20132.[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-130\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_02\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135456946\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137786564\">Is the given sequence arithmetic? If so, find the common difference.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135503781\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{1,\\text{ }3,\\text{ }6,\\text{ }10,\\text{ }15,\\dots \\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137697039\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137697039\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137697039\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137453640\">The sequence is not arithmetic because [latex]3-1\\ne 6-3.[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137635400\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h3>Writing Terms of Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137400489\">Now that we can recognize an arithmetic sequence, we will find the terms if we are given the first term and the common difference. The terms can be found by beginning with the first term and adding the common difference repeatedly. In addition, any term can also be found by plugging in the values of [latex]n[\/latex] and [latex]d[\/latex] into formula below.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137471353\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+\\left(n-1\\right)d[\/latex]<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135481158\" class=\"precalculus howto textbox tryit\">\n<h3>How To<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135508432\"><strong>Given the first term and the common difference of an arithmetic sequence, find the first several terms.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137658549\" type=\"1\">\n \t<li>Add the common difference to the first term to find the second term.<\/li>\n \t<li>Add the common difference to the second term to find the third term.<\/li>\n \t<li>Continue until all of the desired terms are identified.<\/li>\n \t<li>Write the terms separated by commas within brackets.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_02\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135694565\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137745269\">\n<h3>Writing Terms of Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137811740\">Write the first five terms of the <span class=\"no-emphasis\">arithmetic sequence<\/span> with [latex]{a}_{1}=17[\/latex] and [latex]d=-3[\/latex].<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"87267\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"87267\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137643944\">Adding[latex]\\,-3\\,[\/latex]is the same as subtracting 3. Beginning with the first term, subtract 3 from each term to find the next term.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137450882\">The first five terms are [latex]\\,\\left\\{17,\\,14,\\,11,\\,8,\\,5\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137871441\">\n<h4>Analysis<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137474702\">As expected, the graph of the sequence consists of points on a line as shown in <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_004\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_004\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"487\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154758\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_004.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of the arithmetic sequence. The points form a negative line.\" width=\"487\" height=\"250\"> <strong>Figure 2.<\/strong>[\/caption]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_03\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137455517\">\n<div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137705697\">List the first five terms of the arithmetic sequence with [latex]{a}_{1}=1[\/latex] and [latex]d=5[\/latex].<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137675374\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137675374\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137675374\"]\n[latex]\\left\\{1, 6, 11, 16, 21\\right\\}[\/latex][\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135362484\" class=\"precalculus howto textbox tryit\">\n<h3>How To<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135560821\"><strong>Given any first term and any other term in an arithmetic sequence, find a given term.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165135150662\" type=\"1\">\n \t<li>Substitute the values given for [latex]{a}_{1},{a}_{n},n[\/latex] into the formula[latex]\\,{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+\\left(n-1\\right)d\\,[\/latex]to solve for[latex]\\,d.[\/latex]<\/li>\n \t<li>Find a given term by substituting the appropriate values for[latex]\\,{a}_{1},n,\\,[\/latex]and[latex]\\,d\\,[\/latex]into the formula[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+\\left(n-1\\right)d.[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_03\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137663228\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137444124\">\n<h3>Writing Terms of Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137462631\">Given [latex]{a}_{1}=8[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{4}=14[\/latex], find [latex]{a}_{5}[\/latex].<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137570239\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137570239\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137570239\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137401245\">The sequence can be written in terms of the initial term 8 and the common difference [latex]d[\/latex].<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134058302\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{8,8+d,8+2d,8+3d\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137705814\">We know the fourth term equals 14; we know the fourth term has the form [latex]{a}_{1}+3d=8+3d[\/latex].<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137473517\">We can find the common difference [latex]d[\/latex].<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134388837\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+\\left(n-1\\right)d\\hfill &amp; \\hfill \\\\ {a}_{4}={a}_{1}+3d\\hfill &amp; \\hfill \\\\ {a}_{4}=8+3d\\hfill &amp; \\text{Write the fourth term of the sequence in terms of} {a}_{1} \\text{and} d.\\hfill \\\\ 14=8+3d\\hfill &amp; \\text{Substitute} 14 \\text{for} {a}_{4}.\\hfill \\\\ \\,\\,d=2\\hfill &amp; \\text{Solve for the common difference}.\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137653720\">Find the fifth term by adding the common difference to the fourth term.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137601311\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{a}_{5}={a}_{4}+2=16[\/latex][\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137642494\">\n<h4>Analysis<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137874586\">Notice that the common difference is added to the first term once to find the second term, twice to find the third term, three times to find the fourth term, and so on. The tenth term could be found by adding the common difference to the first term nine times or by using the equation [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+\\left(n-1\\right)d.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137552415\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_04\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137591465\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137471479\">Given [latex]{a}_{3}=7[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{5}=17[\/latex], find [latex]{a}_{2}[\/latex].<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137424859\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137424859\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137424859\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137786532\">[latex]{a}_{2}=2[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137445093\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h3>Using Recursive Formulas for Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137640288\">Some arithmetic sequences are defined in terms of the previous term using a <span class=\"no-emphasis\">recursive formula<\/span>. The formula provides an algebraic rule for determining the terms of the sequence. A recursive formula allows us to find any term of an arithmetic sequence using a function of the preceding term. Each term is the sum of the previous term and the common difference. For example, if the common difference is 5, then each term is the previous term plus 5. As with any recursive formula, the first term must be given.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135388336\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{lllll}{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+d\\hfill &amp; \\hfill &amp; \\hfill &amp; \\hfill &amp; n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135341395\" class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Recursive Formula for an Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165134378719\">The recursive formula for an arithmetic sequence with common difference [latex]d[\/latex] is:<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134318826\">[latex]\\begin{array}{lllll}{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+d\\hfill &amp; \\hfill &amp; \\hfill &amp; \\hfill &amp; n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137592768\" class=\"precalculus howto textbox tryit\">\n<h3>How To<\/h3>\n<strong>Given an arithmetic sequence, write its recursive formula.<\/strong>\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137823160\" type=\"1\">\n \t<li>Subtract any term from the subsequent term to find the common difference.<\/li>\n \t<li>State the initial term and substitute the common difference into the recursive formula for arithmetic sequences.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_04\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137401258\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137602585\">\n<h3>Writing a Recursive Formula for an Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137901281\">Write a <span class=\"no-emphasis\">recursive formula<\/span> for the <span class=\"no-emphasis\">arithmetic sequence<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134164941\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{-18\\text{, }-7\\text{, }4\\text{, }15\\text{, }26\\text{, \u2026}\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137827813\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137827813\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137827813\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137851333\">The first term is given as [latex]-18[\/latex]. The common difference can be found by subtracting the first term from the second term.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137644432\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]d=-7-\\left(-18\\right)=11[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137863170\">Substitute the initial term and the common difference into the recursive formula for arithmetic sequences.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137656649\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}{a}_{1}=-18\\hfill \\\\ {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+11,\\text{ for }n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex][\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137726122\">\n<h4>Analysis<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137640097\">We see that the common difference is the slope of the line formed when we graph the terms of the sequence, as shown in <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_005\">(Figure)<\/a>. The growth pattern of the sequence shows the constant difference of 11 units.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_005\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"487\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154800\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_005.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of the arithmetic sequence. The points form a positive line.\" width=\"487\" height=\"250\"> <strong>Figure 3.<\/strong>[\/caption]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137664621\" class=\"precalculus qa textbox shaded\">\n<p id=\"eip-id1165137634869\"><strong>Do we have to subtract the first term from the second term to find the common difference?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137677938\"><em> No. We can subtract any term in the sequence from the subsequent term. It is, however, most common to subtract the first term from the second term because it is often the easiest method of finding the common difference.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137472888\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_05\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135542004\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135181244\">Write a recursive formula for the arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137598409\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{25\\text{, } 37\\text{, } 49\\text{, } 61\\text{, } \\text{\u2026}\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137527187\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137527187\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137527187\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137447926\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}{a}_{1}=25\\hfill \\\\ {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+12,\\text{ for }n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137733870\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h3>Using Explicit Formulas for Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137650868\">We can think of an <span class=\"no-emphasis\">arithmetic sequence<\/span> as a function on the domain of the natural numbers; it is a linear function because it has a constant rate of change. The common difference is the constant rate of change, or the slope of the function. We can construct the linear function if we know the slope and the vertical intercept.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"eip-id1165134225673\" class=\"unnumbered\">[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right)[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137767412\">To find the <em>y<\/em>-intercept of the function, we can subtract the common difference from the first term of the sequence. Consider the following sequence.<\/p>\n<span id=\"fs-id1165135701477\"><img class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154802\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_006.jpg\" alt=\"A sequence, {200, 150, 100, 50, 0, ...}, that shows the terms differ only by -50.\"><\/span>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135543365\">The common difference is [latex]-50[\/latex], so the sequence represents a linear function with a slope of [latex]-50[\/latex]. To find the [latex]y[\/latex]-intercept, we subtract [latex]-50[\/latex] from[latex]200:\\,200-\\left(-50\\right)=200+50=250[\/latex]. You can also find the [latex]y[\/latex]-intercept by graphing the function and determining where a line that connects the points would intersect the vertical axis. The graph is shown in <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_007\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_007\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"731\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154805\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_007.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of the arithmetic sequence. The points form a negative line.\" width=\"731\" height=\"250\"> <strong>Figure 4.<\/strong>[\/caption]\n\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137553505\">Recall the slope-intercept form of a line is[latex]\\,y=mx+b.\\,[\/latex]When dealing with sequences, we use [latex]{a}_{n}[\/latex] in place of [latex]y[\/latex] and [latex]n[\/latex] in place of [latex]x.\\,[\/latex]If we know the slope and vertical intercept of the function, we can substitute them for [latex]m[\/latex] and [latex]b[\/latex] in the slope-intercept form of a line. Substituting[latex]\\,-50\\,[\/latex]for the slope and [latex]250[\/latex] for the vertical intercept, we get the following equation:<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134151796\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{a}_{n}=-50n+250[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137419276\">We do not need to find the vertical intercept to write an <span class=\"no-emphasis\">explicit formula<\/span> for an arithmetic sequence. Another explicit formula for this sequence is [latex]{a}_{n}=200-50\\left(n-1\\right)[\/latex], which simplifies to[latex]\\,{a}_{n}=-50n+250.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137855306\" class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Explicit Formula for an Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137894389\">An explicit formula for the [latex]n\\text{th}[\/latex] term of an arithmetic sequence is given by<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165132167069\">[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right)[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"precalculus howto\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137530315\"><strong>Given the first several terms for an arithmetic sequence, write an explicit formula.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137732761\" type=\"1\">\n \t<li>Find the common difference, [latex]{a}_{2}-{a}_{1}.[\/latex]<\/li>\n \t<li>Substitute the common difference and the first term into [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right).[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_05\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137592291\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137592294\">\n<h3>Writing the <em>n<\/em>th Term Explicit Formula for an Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137589825\">Write an explicit formula for the arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135209025\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{2\\text{, }12\\text{, }22\\text{, }32\\text{, }42\\text{, \u2026}\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137619155\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137619155\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137619155\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135196795\">The common difference can be found by subtracting the first term from the second term.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137827643\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}d\\hfill &amp; ={a}_{2}-{a}_{1}\\hfill \\\\ \\hfill &amp; =12-2\\hfill \\\\ \\hfill &amp; =10\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137768648\">The common difference is 10. Substitute the common difference and the first term of the sequence into the formula and simplify.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137450966\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}{a}_{n}=2+10\\left(n-1\\right)\\hfill \\\\ {a}_{n}=10n-8\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex][\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137769838\">\n<h4>Analysis<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135444857\">The graph of this sequence, represented in <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_008\">(Figure)<\/a>, shows a slope of 10 and a vertical intercept of [latex]-8[\/latex].<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_008\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n\n[caption id=\"\" align=\"aligncenter\" width=\"487\"]<img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154819\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_008.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of the arithmetic sequence. The points form a positive line.\" width=\"487\" height=\"276\"> <strong>Figure 5.<\/strong>[\/caption]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_06\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137596308\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135252117\">Write an explicit formula for the following arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165133247941\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{50,47,44,41,\\dots \\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137757748\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137757748\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137757748\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137757750\">[latex]{a}_{n}=53-3n[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137454430\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Finding the Number of Terms in a Finite Arithmetic Sequence<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137600326\">Explicit formulas can be used to determine the number of terms in a finite arithmetic sequence. We need to find the common difference, and then determine how many times the common difference must be added to the first term to obtain the final term of the sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137475678\" class=\"precalculus howto textbox tryit\">\n<h3>How To<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137652766\"><strong>Given the first three terms and the last term of a finite arithmetic sequence, find the total number of terms.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165135169419\" type=\"1\">\n \t<li>Find the common difference [latex]d.[\/latex]<\/li>\n \t<li>Substitute the common difference and the first term into [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n\u20131\\right).[\/latex]<\/li>\n \t<li>Substitute the last term for [latex]{a}_{n}[\/latex] and solve for [latex]n.[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_06\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135199575\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135199577\">\n<h3>Finding the Number of Terms in a Finite Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137870810\">Find the number of terms in the <span class=\"no-emphasis\">finite arithmetic sequence<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135188145\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{8\\text{, }1\\text{, }\u20136\\text{, }...\\text{, }\u201341\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135237112\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135237112\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135237112\">The common difference can be found by subtracting the first term from the second term.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135411367\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]1-8=-7[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135206115\">The common difference is [latex]-7[\/latex]. Substitute the common difference and the initial term of the sequence into the [latex]n\\text{th}[\/latex] term formula and simplify.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137643973\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right)\\hfill \\\\ {a}_{n}=8+\\left(-7\\right)\\left(n-1\\right)\\hfill \\\\ {a}_{n}=15-7n\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137574401\">Substitute [latex]-41[\/latex] for [latex]{a}_{n}[\/latex] and solve for [latex]n[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134138640\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}-41=15-7n\\hfill \\\\ \\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,8=n\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135528974\">There are eight terms in the sequence.[\/hidden-answer]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137734532\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_07\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137526884\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137526885\">Find the number of terms in the finite arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"unnumbered\">[latex]\\left\\{6\\text{, }11\\text{, }16\\text{, }...\\text{, }56\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135149264\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135149264\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135149264\">There are 11 terms in the sequence.<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137569473\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Solving Application Problems with Arithmetic Sequences<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135192826\">In many application problems, it often makes sense to use an initial term of [latex]{a}_{0}[\/latex] instead of [latex]{a}_{1}.[\/latex] In these problems, we alter the explicit formula slightly to account for the difference in initial terms. We use the following formula:<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137936550\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{0}+dn[\/latex]<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_07\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137810075\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137810078\">\n<h3>Solving Application Problems with Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137558482\">A five-year old child receives an allowance of $1 each week. His parents promise him an annual increase of $2 per week.<\/p>\n\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137754613\" type=\"a\">\n \t<li>Write a formula for the child\u2019s weekly allowance in a given year.<\/li>\n \t<li>What will the child\u2019s allowance be when he is 16 years old?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137442369\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137442369\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137442369\"]\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137470933\" type=\"a\">\n \t<li>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137862332\">The situation can be modeled by an arithmetic sequence with an initial term of 1 and a common difference of 2.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137431625\">Let [latex]A[\/latex] be the amount of the allowance and [latex]n[\/latex] be the number of years after age 5. Using the altered explicit formula for an arithmetic sequence we get:<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137781581\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{A}_{n}=1+2n[\/latex]<\/div><\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135196849\">We can find the number of years since age 5 by subtracting.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135371473\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]16-5=11[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137446464\">We are looking for the child\u2019s allowance after 11 years. Substitute 11 into the formula to find the child\u2019s allowance at age 16.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134031322\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{A}_{11}=1+2\\left(11\\right)=23[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137920806\">The child\u2019s allowance at age 16 will be $23 per week.[\/hidden-answer]<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137423288\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_08\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137453247\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137755821\">A woman decides to go for a 10-minute run every day this week and plans to increase the time of her daily run by 4 minutes each week. Write a formula for the time of her run after n weeks. How long will her daily run be 8 weeks from today?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137423626\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137423626\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137423626\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137423627\">The formula is [latex]{T}_{n}=10+4n,\\,[\/latex]and it will take her 42 minutes.<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137731449\" class=\"precalculus media\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137837898\">Access this online resource for additional instruction and practice with arithmetic sequences.<\/p>\n\n<ul id=\"url-list\">\n \t<li><a href=\"http:\/\/openstaxcollege.org\/l\/arithmeticseq\">Arithmetic Sequences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137442033\" class=\"key-equations\">\n<h3>Key Equations<\/h3>\n<table id=\"eip-id1165135528502\" summary=\"..\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>recursive formula for nth term of an arithmetic sequence<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+d,n\\ge 2[\/latex]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>explicit formula for nth term of an arithmetic sequence<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\begin{array}{l}{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right)\\end{array}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134037666\" class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Key Concepts<\/h3>\n<ul id=\"fs-id1165135187616\">\n \t<li>An arithmetic sequence is a sequence where the difference between any two consecutive terms is a constant.<\/li>\n \t<li>The constant between two consecutive terms is called the common difference.<\/li>\n \t<li>The common difference is the number added to any one term of an arithmetic sequence that generates the subsequent term. See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_01\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n \t<li>The terms of an arithmetic sequence can be found by beginning with the initial term and adding the common difference repeatedly. See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_02\">(Figure)<\/a> and <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_03\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n \t<li>A recursive formula for an arithmetic sequence with common difference [latex]d[\/latex] is given by [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+d,n\\ge 2.[\/latex] See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_04\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n \t<li>As with any recursive formula, the initial term of the sequence must be given.<\/li>\n \t<li>An explicit formula for an arithmetic sequence with common difference [latex]d[\/latex] is given by [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right).[\/latex] See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_05\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n \t<li>An explicit formula can be used to find the number of terms in a sequence. See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_06\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n \t<li>In application problems, we sometimes alter the explicit formula slightly to [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{0}+dn.[\/latex] See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_07\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137862597\" class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Section Exercises<\/h3>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137806994\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Verbal<\/h4>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443202\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443204\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137443206\">What is an arithmetic sequence?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137605230\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137605230\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137605230\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137605232\">A sequence where each successive term of the sequence increases (or decreases) by a constant value.<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135641668\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135205879\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135205881\">How is the common difference of an arithmetic sequence found?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137454593\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137454595\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137454597\">How do we determine whether a sequence is arithmetic?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"321648\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"321648\"]We find whether the difference between all consecutive terms is the same. This is the same as saying that the sequence has a common difference.[\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135296347\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135296349\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135296351\">What are the main differences between using a recursive formula and using an explicit formula to describe an arithmetic sequence?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137628379\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137628382\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135687866\">Describe how linear functions and arithmetic sequences are similar. How are they different?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135687870\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135687870\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135687870\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137836482\">Both arithmetic sequences and linear functions have a constant rate of change. They are different because their domains are not the same; linear functions are defined for all real numbers, and arithmetic sequences are defined for natural numbers or a subset of the natural numbers.<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135245639\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Algebraic<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165134069164\">For the following exercises, find the common difference for the arithmetic sequence provided.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135187016\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135187019\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135187021\">[latex]\\left\\{5,11,17,23,29,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137794236\">[latex]\\left\\{0,\\frac{1}{2},1,\\frac{3}{2},2,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137823149\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137823149\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137823149\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137654842\">The common difference is [latex]\\frac{1}{2}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137611113\">For the following exercises, determine whether the sequence is arithmetic. If so find the common difference.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137461257\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137461259\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137461261\">[latex]\\left\\{11.4,9.3,7.2,5.1,3,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137453581\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137453584\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137453586\">[latex]\\left\\{4,16,64,256,1024,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137593311\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137593311\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137593311\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135429371\">The sequence is not arithmetic because [latex]16-4\\ne 64-16.[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137628803\">For the following exercises, write the first five terms of the arithmetic sequence given the first term and common difference.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137834604\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137834606\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137834608\">[latex]{a}_{1}=-25[\/latex], [latex]d=-9[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137755512\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137755514\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137580022\">[latex]{a}_{1}=0[\/latex], [latex]d=\\frac{2}{3}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137755793\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137755793\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137755793\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137438873\">[latex]0,\\,\\frac{2}{3},\\,\\frac{4}{3},\\,2,\\,\\frac{8}{3}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137828050\">For the following exercises, write the first five terms of the arithmetic series given two terms.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443016\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443018\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137443020\">[latex]{a}_{1}=17,\\,{a}_{7}=-31[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137432027\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137604121\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137604123\">[latex]{a}_{13}=-60,\\,{a}_{33}=-160[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137833021\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137833021\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137833021\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137833023\">[latex]0,-5,-10,-15,-20[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137838376\">For the following exercises, find the specified term for the arithmetic sequence given the first term and common difference.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135572101\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135572103\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137762625\">First term is 3, common difference is 4, find the 5<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137462061\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137462064\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137462065\">First term is 4, common difference is 5, find the 4<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137936647\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137936647\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137936647\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137460595\">[latex]{a}_{4}=19[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137580727\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137580729\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137580731\">First term is 5, common difference is 6, find the 8<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137445882\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137445884\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137445886\">First term is 6, common difference is 7, find the 6<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134164069\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165134164069\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165134164069\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137628270\">[latex]{a}_{6}=41[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137732594\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137732596\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137732598\">First term is 7, common difference is 8, find the 7<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137451360\">For the following exercises, find the first term given two terms from an arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137451364\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137445645\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137445648\">Find the first term or [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] of an arithmetic sequence if [latex]{a}_{6}=12[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{14}=28.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137770281\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137770281\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137770281\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137664354\">[latex]{a}_{1}=2[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-889\">\n<div id=\"eip-863\">\n<p id=\"eip-917\">Find the first term or [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] of an arithmetic sequence if [latex]{a}_{7}=21[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{15}=42.\\,[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137536158\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137756094\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137756096\">Find the first term or [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] of an arithmetic sequence if [latex]{a}_{8}=40[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{23}=115.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137597826\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137597826\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137597826\">[latex]{a}_{1}=5[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137456275\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137807536\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137807538\">Find the first term or [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] of an arithmetic sequence if [latex]{a}_{9}=54[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{17}=102.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137404685\">\n<div>\n\nFind the first term or [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] of an arithmetic sequence if [latex]{a}_{11}=11[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{21}=16.[\/latex]\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137645559\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137645559\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137645559\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137645561\">[latex]{a}_{1}=6[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137874823\">For the following exercises, find the specified term given two terms from an arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137640865\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137640867\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137640869\">[latex]{a}_{1}=33\\,[\/latex]and[latex]\\,{a}_{7}=-15.[\/latex] Find[latex]\\,{a}_{4}.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137668391\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137668394\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137668396\">[latex]{a}_{3}=-17.1\\,[\/latex]and[latex]\\,{a}_{10}=-15.7.[\/latex] Find[latex]{a}_{21}.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137812705\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137812705\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137812705\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137812707\">[latex]{a}_{21}=-13.5[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\nFor the following exercises, use the recursive formula to write the first five terms of the arithmetic sequence.\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137900351\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137900353\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137900355\">[latex]{a}_{1}=39;\\text{ }{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}-3[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443989\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443992\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137675444\">[latex]{a}_{1}=-19;\\text{ }{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}-1.4[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135542702\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135542702\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135542702\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135542705\">[latex]-19,-20.4,-21.8,-23.2,-24.6[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135471109\">For the following exercises, write a recursive formula for each arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134200171\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134200173\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165134200175\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{40,60,80,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135190243\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135190246\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135190993\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{17,26,35,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135168066\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135168066\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135168066\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135168069\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{a}_{1}=17; {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+9\\hfill &amp; n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736031\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736033\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137736035\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-1,2,5,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135253828\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135253830\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135253832\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{12,17,22,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137757964\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137757964\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137757964\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137757966\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{a}_{1}=12; {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+5\\hfill &amp; n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137628141\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137761720\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137761722\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-15,-7,1,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137757350\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135390990\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135390992\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{8.9,10.3,11.7,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137871677\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137871677\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137871677\"]\n[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{a}_{1}=8.9; {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+1.4\\hfill &amp; n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex][\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137722265\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137722268\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137387534\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-0.52,-1.02,-1.52,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137921629\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137595277\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137595279\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{\\frac{1}{5},\\frac{9}{20},\\frac{7}{10},...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137556832\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137556832\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137556832\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137556834\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{a}_{1}=\\frac{1}{5}; {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+\\frac{1}{4}\\hfill &amp; n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135242878\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135242880\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137675626\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-\\frac{1}{2},-\\frac{5}{4},-2,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137446556\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137446558\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{\\frac{1}{6},-\\frac{11}{12},-2,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137601139\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137601139\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137601139\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137601142\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{}_{1}=\\frac{1}{6}; {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}-\\frac{13}{12}\\hfill &amp; n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137850291\">For the following exercises, write a recursive formula for the given arithmetic sequence, and then find the specified term.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135187433\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135187435\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135187437\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{7\\text{, }4\\text{, }1\\text{, }...\\right\\};\\,[\/latex]Find the 17<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137436124\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137436126\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137436129\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{4\\text{, }11\\text{, }18\\text{, }...\\right\\};\\,[\/latex]Find the 14<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137738063\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137738063\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137738063\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137738065\">[latex]{a}_{1}=4;\\text{ }{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+7;\\text{ }{a}_{14}=95[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137462539\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137462541\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137462544\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{2\\text{, }6\\text{, }10\\text{, }...\\right\\};\\,[\/latex]Find the 12<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137757972\">For the following exercises, use the explicit formula to write the first five terms of the arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137757976\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137757978\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137601510\">[latex]{a}_{n}=24-4n[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135194498\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135194498\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135194498\"]First five terms: [latex]20,16,12,8,4.[\/latex][\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137657613\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137657615\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137462350\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\frac{1}{2}n-\\frac{1}{2}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137898052\">For the following exercises, write an explicit formula for each arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137898058\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137574550\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{3,5,7,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137732173\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137732173\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137732173\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137911607\">[latex]{a}_{n}=1+2n[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135453351\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135453353\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{32,24,16,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137400838\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137400840\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137400842\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-5\\text{, }95\\text{, }195\\text{, }...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137933221\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137933221\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137933221\"]\n[latex]{a}_{n}=-105+100n[\/latex][\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135390900\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135264749\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135264752\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-17\\text{, }-217\\text{, }-417\\text{,}...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135169141\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135169143\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{1.8\\text{, }3.6\\text{, }5.4\\text{, }...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135332857\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135332857\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135332857\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135332859\">[latex]{a}_{n}=1.8n[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137827566\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137827568\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135195519\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-18.1,-16.2,-14.3,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137540888\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137540891\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137863388\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{15.8,18.5,21.2,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137422379\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137422379\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137422379\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137698681\">[latex]{a}_{n}=13.1+2.7n[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137704614\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{\\frac{1}{3},-\\frac{4}{3},-3\\text{, }...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137647272\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137647274\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137647277\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{0,\\frac{1}{3},\\frac{2}{3},...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135452427\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135452427\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135452427\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137851969\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\frac{1}{3}n-\\frac{1}{3}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135487119\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135487121\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135487123\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-5,-\\frac{10}{3},-\\frac{5}{3},\\dots \\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135160917\">For the following exercises, find the number of terms in the given finite arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135160921\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137748441\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137748443\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{3\\text{,}-4\\text{,}-11\\text{, }...\\text{,}-60\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137535636\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137535636\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137535636\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137535639\">There are 10 terms in the sequence.<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137817430\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137817432\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137817434\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{1.2,1.4,1.6,...,3.8\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137843924\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137843927\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137843929\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{\\frac{1}{2},2,\\frac{7}{2},...,8\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137782392\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137782392\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137782392\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137782394\">There are 6 terms in the sequence.<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Graphical<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137659728\">For the following exercises, determine whether the graph shown represents an arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137605906\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137605908\"><span id=\"fs-id1165137452753\"><img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154826\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_201.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, -4), (2, -2), (3, 0), (4, 2), and (5, 4). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.\"><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137697189\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137697191\"><span id=\"fs-id1165137640848\"><img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154829\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_202.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, 1.5), (2, 2.25), (3, 3.375), (4, 5.0625), and (5, 7.5938). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135186573\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135186573\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135186573\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137676403\">The graph does not represent an arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137676408\">For the following exercises, use the information provided to graph the first 5 terms of the arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137768048\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137768050\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137768052\">[latex]{a}_{1}=0,d=4[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137507791\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137507793\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135188493\">[latex]{a}_{1}=9;{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}-10[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137532662\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137532662\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137532662\"]<span id=\"fs-id1165134065142\"><img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154834\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_204.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, 9), (2, -1), (3, -11), (4, -21), and (5, -31). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.\"><\/span>[\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135185958\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135185960\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135185962\">[latex]{a}_{n}=-12+5n[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137723291\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Technology<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137723296\">For the following exercises, follow the steps to work with the arithmetic sequence [latex]{a}_{n}=3n-2[\/latex] using a graphing calculator:<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li>Press <strong>[MODE]<\/strong>\n<ul id=\"fs-id1165137399747\">\n \t<li>Select SEQ in the fourth line<\/li>\n \t<li>Select DOT in the fifth line<\/li>\n \t<li>Press <strong>[ENTER]<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>Press <strong>[Y=]<\/strong>\n<ul id=\"fs-id1165134079601\">\n \t<li>[latex]n\\text{Min}\\,[\/latex]is the first counting number for the sequence. Set [latex]\\,n\\text{Min}=1[\/latex]<\/li>\n \t<li>[latex]u\\left(n\\right)\\,[\/latex]is the pattern for the sequence. Set [latex]\\,u\\left(n\\right)=3n-2[\/latex]<\/li>\n \t<li>[latex]u(n\\text{Min)}\\,[\/latex]is the first number in the sequence. Set [latex]\\,u(n\\text{Min)}=1[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>Press <strong>[2ND]<\/strong> then <strong>[WINDOW]<\/strong> to go to <strong>TBLSET<\/strong>\n<ul id=\"fs-id1165137401268\">\n \t<li>Set[latex]\\,\\text{TblStart}=1[\/latex]<\/li>\n \t<li>Set[latex]\\,\\Delta \\text{Tbl}=1[\/latex]<\/li>\n \t<li>Set Indpnt: Auto and Depend: Auto<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>Press <strong>[2ND]<\/strong> then <strong>[GRAPH]<\/strong> to go to the <strong>TABLE<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135369627\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135369630\">\n\nWhat are the first seven terms shown in the column with the heading [latex]u\\left(n\\right)\\text{?}[\/latex]\n\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137834424\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137834424\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137834424\">[latex]1,4,7,10,13,16,19[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135203701\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135203703\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137761453\">Use the scroll-down arrow to scroll to[latex]n=50.[\/latex] What value is given for [latex]u\\left(n\\right)\\text{?}[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137806911\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137806913\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137806915\">Press <strong>[WINDOW]<\/strong>. Set[latex]\\,n\\text{Min}=1,n\\text{Max}=5,x\\text{Min}=0,x\\text{Max}=6,y\\text{Min}=-1,\\,[\/latex]and[latex]\\,y\\text{Max}=14.\\,[\/latex]Then press <strong>[GRAPH]<\/strong>. Graph the sequence as it appears on the graphing calculator.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137828039\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137828039\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137828039\"]<span id=\"fs-id1165137831199\"><img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154839\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_206.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 7), (4, 10), and (5, 13). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.\"><\/span>[\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137754896\">For the following exercises, follow the steps given above to work with the arithmetic sequence [latex]{a}_{n}=\\frac{1}{2}n+5[\/latex] using a graphing calculator.<\/p>\n\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135351605\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135351607\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135351609\">What are the first seven terms shown in the column with the heading[latex]\\,u\\left(n\\right)\\,[\/latex]in the TABLE feature?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736192\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736195\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137736197\">Graph the sequence as it appears on the graphing calculator. Be sure to adjust the WINDOW settings as needed.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135307896\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135307896\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135307896\"]<span id=\"fs-id1165137473103\"><img src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154841\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_207.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, 5.5), (2, 6), (3, 6.5), (4, 7), and (5, 7.5). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.\"><\/span>[\/hidden-answer]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137697185\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Extensions<\/h4>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137772359\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137772361\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137772363\">Give two examples of arithmetic sequences whose 4<sup>th<\/sup> terms are [latex]9.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135198529\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135198531\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135194560\">Give two examples of arithmetic sequences whose 10<sup>th<\/sup> terms are [latex]206.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135203799\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135203799\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135203799\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135203800\">Answers will vary. Examples: [latex]{a}_{n}=20.6n[\/latex]and[latex]{a}_{n}=2+20.4\\mathrm{n.}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135245567\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135245570\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137679215\">Find the 5<sup>th<\/sup> term of the arithmetic sequence [latex]\\left\\{9b,5b,b,\\dots \\right\\}.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135341373\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135341376\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135341378\">Find the 11<sup>th<\/sup> term of the arithmetic sequence [latex]\\left\\{3a-2b,a+2b,-a+6b\\dots \\right\\}.[\/latex]<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135208952\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165135208952\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165135208952\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135208954\">[latex]{a}_{11}=-17a+38b[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137453158\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135452490\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135452492\">At which term does the sequence [latex]\\left\\{5.4,14.5,23.6,...\\right\\}[\/latex] exceed 151?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736075\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736077\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137736079\">At which term does the sequence [latex]\\left\\{\\frac{17}{3},\\frac{31}{6},\\frac{14}{3},...\\right\\}[\/latex] begin to have negative values?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137767976\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137767976\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137767976\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137767978\">The sequence begins to have negative values at the 13<sup>th<\/sup> term, [latex]{a}_{13}=-\\frac{1}{3}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137805518\">\n<div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137805522\">For which terms does the finite arithmetic sequence [latex]\\left\\{\\frac{5}{2},\\frac{19}{8},\\frac{9}{4},...,\\frac{1}{8}\\right\\}[\/latex] have integer values?<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137811777\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137811780\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137811782\">Write an arithmetic sequence using a recursive formula. Show the first 4 terms, and then find the 31<sup>st<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137812674\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">[reveal-answer q=\"fs-id1165137812674\"]Show Solution[\/reveal-answer]\n[hidden-answer a=\"fs-id1165137812674\"]\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137812676\">Answers will vary. Check to see that the sequence is arithmetic. Example: Recursive formula: [latex]{a}_{1}=3,{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}-3.[\/latex] First 4 terms: [latex]\\begin{array}{ll}3,0,-3,-6\\hfill &amp; {a}_{31}=-87\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n[\/hidden-answer]\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135188236\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135188238\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135188240\">Write an arithmetic sequence using an explicit formula. Show the first 4 terms, and then find the 28<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h3>Glossary<\/h3>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1165137415238\">\n \t<dt>arithmetic sequence<\/dt>\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1165137415244\">a sequence in which the difference between any two consecutive terms is a constant<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1165137415248\">\n \t<dt>common difference<\/dt>\n \t<dd id=\"fs-id1165135174993\">the difference between any two consecutive terms in an arithmetic sequence<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox learning-objectives\">\n<h3>Learning Objectives<\/h3>\n<p>In this section, you will:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Find the common difference for an arithmetic sequence.<\/li>\n<li>Write terms of an arithmetic sequence.<\/li>\n<li>Use a recursive formula for an arithmetic sequence.<\/li>\n<li>Use an explicit formula for an arithmetic sequence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137594036\">Companies often make large purchases, such as computers and vehicles, for business use. The book-value of these supplies decreases each year for tax purposes. This decrease in value is called depreciation. One method of calculating depreciation is straight-line depreciation, in which the value of the asset decreases by the same amount each year.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137474566\">As an example, consider a woman who starts a small contracting business. She purchases a new truck for $25,000. After five years, she estimates that she will be able to sell the truck for $8,000. The loss in value of the truck will therefore be $17,000, which is $3,400 per year for five years. The truck will be worth $21,600 after the first year; $18,200 after two years; $14,800 after three years; $11,400 after four years; and $8,000 at the end of five years. In this section, we will consider specific kinds of sequences that will allow us to calculate depreciation, such as the truck\u2019s value.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137417740\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h3>Finding Common Differences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137823944\">The values of the truck in the example are said to form an <strong>arithmetic sequence<\/strong> because they change by a constant amount each year. Each term increases or decreases by the same constant value called the <strong>common difference<\/strong> of the sequence. For this sequence, the common difference is \u20133,400.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"fs-id1165135541598\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154725\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_001.jpg\" alt=\"A sequence, {25000, 21600, 18200, 14800, 8000}, that shows the terms differ only by -3400.\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137639689\">The sequence below is another example of an arithmetic sequence. In this case, the constant difference is 3. You can choose any <span class=\"no-emphasis\">term<\/span> of the <span class=\"no-emphasis\">sequence<\/span>, and add 3 to find the subsequent term.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"fs-id1165137644646\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154737\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_002.jpg\" alt=\"A sequence {3, 6, 9, 12, 15, ...} that shows the terms only differ by 3.\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137855317\" class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137805059\">An arithmetic sequence is a sequence that has the property that the difference between any two consecutive terms is a constant. This constant is called the common difference. If [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] is the first term of an arithmetic sequence and [latex]d[\/latex] is the common difference, the sequence will be:<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165132164820\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{{a}_{n}\\right\\}=\\left\\{{a}_{1},{a}_{1}+d,{a}_{1}+2d,{a}_{1}+3d,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_01\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137656656\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137404616\">\n<h3>Finding Common Differences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137849000\">Is each sequence arithmetic? If so, find the common difference.<\/p>\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137664533\" type=\"a\">\n<li>[latex]\\left\\{1,2,4,8,16,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]\\left\\{-3,1,5,9,13,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137698067\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p>Subtract each term from the subsequent term to determine whether a common difference exists.<\/p>\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137558244\" type=\"a\">\n<li>The sequence is not arithmetic because there is no common difference.<br \/>\n<span id=\"fs-id1165137767692\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154742\/Eqn1.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/li>\n<li>The sequence is arithmetic because there is a common difference. The common difference is 4.<br \/>\n<span id=\"eip-id1165137580124\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154744\/Eqn2.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137677499\">\n<h4>Analysis<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137578542\">The graph of each of these sequences is shown in <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_003\">(Figure)<\/a>. We can see from the graphs that, although both sequences show growth, [latex]a[\/latex] is not linear whereas [latex]b[\/latex] is linear. Arithmetic sequences have a constant rate of change so their graphs will always be points on a line.<\/p>\n<div id=\"CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_003\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<figure style=\"width: 975px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154756\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_003.jpg\" alt=\"Two graphs of arithmetic sequences. Graph (a) grows exponentially while graph (b) grows linearly.\" width=\"975\" height=\"304\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 1.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137722470\" class=\"precalculus qa textbox shaded\">\n<p><strong>If we are told that a sequence is arithmetic, do we have to subtract every term from the following term to find the common difference?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137605197\"><em> No. If we know that the sequence is arithmetic, we can choose any one term in the sequence, and subtract it from the subsequent term to find the common difference.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135169188\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_01\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137726089\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135160082\">Is the given sequence arithmetic? If so, find the common difference.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137926653\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{18,\\text{ }16,\\text{ }14,\\text{ }12,\\text{ }10,\\dots \\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137570226\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137422916\">The sequence is arithmetic. The common difference is [latex]\u20132.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-130\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_02\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135456946\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137786564\">Is the given sequence arithmetic? If so, find the common difference.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135503781\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{1,\\text{ }3,\\text{ }6,\\text{ }10,\\text{ }15,\\dots \\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137697039\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137453640\">The sequence is not arithmetic because [latex]3-1\\ne 6-3.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137635400\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h3>Writing Terms of Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137400489\">Now that we can recognize an arithmetic sequence, we will find the terms if we are given the first term and the common difference. The terms can be found by beginning with the first term and adding the common difference repeatedly. In addition, any term can also be found by plugging in the values of [latex]n[\/latex] and [latex]d[\/latex] into formula below.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137471353\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+\\left(n-1\\right)d[\/latex]<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135481158\" class=\"precalculus howto textbox tryit\">\n<h3>How To<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135508432\"><strong>Given the first term and the common difference of an arithmetic sequence, find the first several terms.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137658549\" type=\"1\">\n<li>Add the common difference to the first term to find the second term.<\/li>\n<li>Add the common difference to the second term to find the third term.<\/li>\n<li>Continue until all of the desired terms are identified.<\/li>\n<li>Write the terms separated by commas within brackets.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_02\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135694565\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137745269\">\n<h3>Writing Terms of Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137811740\">Write the first five terms of the <span class=\"no-emphasis\">arithmetic sequence<\/span> with [latex]{a}_{1}=17[\/latex] and [latex]d=-3[\/latex].<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137643944\">Adding[latex]\\,-3\\,[\/latex]is the same as subtracting 3. Beginning with the first term, subtract 3 from each term to find the next term.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137450882\">The first five terms are [latex]\\,\\left\\{17,\\,14,\\,11,\\,8,\\,5\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137871441\">\n<h4>Analysis<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137474702\">As expected, the graph of the sequence consists of points on a line as shown in <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_004\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_004\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<figure style=\"width: 487px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154758\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_004.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of the arithmetic sequence. The points form a negative line.\" width=\"487\" height=\"250\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 2.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_03\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137455517\">\n<div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137705697\">List the first five terms of the arithmetic sequence with [latex]{a}_{1}=1[\/latex] and [latex]d=5[\/latex].<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137675374\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p>[latex]\\left\\{1, 6, 11, 16, 21\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135362484\" class=\"precalculus howto textbox tryit\">\n<h3>How To<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135560821\"><strong>Given any first term and any other term in an arithmetic sequence, find a given term.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165135150662\" type=\"1\">\n<li>Substitute the values given for [latex]{a}_{1},{a}_{n},n[\/latex] into the formula[latex]\\,{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+\\left(n-1\\right)d\\,[\/latex]to solve for[latex]\\,d.[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>Find a given term by substituting the appropriate values for[latex]\\,{a}_{1},n,\\,[\/latex]and[latex]\\,d\\,[\/latex]into the formula[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+\\left(n-1\\right)d.[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_03\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137663228\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137444124\">\n<h3>Writing Terms of Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137462631\">Given [latex]{a}_{1}=8[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{4}=14[\/latex], find [latex]{a}_{5}[\/latex].<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137570239\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137401245\">The sequence can be written in terms of the initial term 8 and the common difference [latex]d[\/latex].<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134058302\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{8,8+d,8+2d,8+3d\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137705814\">We know the fourth term equals 14; we know the fourth term has the form [latex]{a}_{1}+3d=8+3d[\/latex].<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137473517\">We can find the common difference [latex]d[\/latex].<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134388837\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+\\left(n-1\\right)d\\hfill & \\hfill \\\\ {a}_{4}={a}_{1}+3d\\hfill & \\hfill \\\\ {a}_{4}=8+3d\\hfill & \\text{Write the fourth term of the sequence in terms of} {a}_{1} \\text{and} d.\\hfill \\\\ 14=8+3d\\hfill & \\text{Substitute} 14 \\text{for} {a}_{4}.\\hfill \\\\ \\,\\,d=2\\hfill & \\text{Solve for the common difference}.\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137653720\">Find the fifth term by adding the common difference to the fourth term.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137601311\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{a}_{5}={a}_{4}+2=16[\/latex]<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137642494\">\n<h4>Analysis<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137874586\">Notice that the common difference is added to the first term once to find the second term, twice to find the third term, three times to find the fourth term, and so on. The tenth term could be found by adding the common difference to the first term nine times or by using the equation [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+\\left(n-1\\right)d.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137552415\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_04\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137591465\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137471479\">Given [latex]{a}_{3}=7[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{5}=17[\/latex], find [latex]{a}_{2}[\/latex].<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137424859\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137786532\">[latex]{a}_{2}=2[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137445093\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h3>Using Recursive Formulas for Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137640288\">Some arithmetic sequences are defined in terms of the previous term using a <span class=\"no-emphasis\">recursive formula<\/span>. The formula provides an algebraic rule for determining the terms of the sequence. A recursive formula allows us to find any term of an arithmetic sequence using a function of the preceding term. Each term is the sum of the previous term and the common difference. For example, if the common difference is 5, then each term is the previous term plus 5. As with any recursive formula, the first term must be given.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135388336\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{lllll}{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+d\\hfill & \\hfill & \\hfill & \\hfill & n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135341395\" class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Recursive Formula for an Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165134378719\">The recursive formula for an arithmetic sequence with common difference [latex]d[\/latex] is:<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134318826\">[latex]\\begin{array}{lllll}{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+d\\hfill & \\hfill & \\hfill & \\hfill & n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137592768\" class=\"precalculus howto textbox tryit\">\n<h3>How To<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Given an arithmetic sequence, write its recursive formula.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137823160\" type=\"1\">\n<li>Subtract any term from the subsequent term to find the common difference.<\/li>\n<li>State the initial term and substitute the common difference into the recursive formula for arithmetic sequences.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_04\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137401258\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137602585\">\n<h3>Writing a Recursive Formula for an Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137901281\">Write a <span class=\"no-emphasis\">recursive formula<\/span> for the <span class=\"no-emphasis\">arithmetic sequence<\/span>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134164941\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{-18\\text{, }-7\\text{, }4\\text{, }15\\text{, }26\\text{, \u2026}\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137827813\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137851333\">The first term is given as [latex]-18[\/latex]. The common difference can be found by subtracting the first term from the second term.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137644432\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]d=-7-\\left(-18\\right)=11[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137863170\">Substitute the initial term and the common difference into the recursive formula for arithmetic sequences.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137656649\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}{a}_{1}=-18\\hfill \\\\ {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+11,\\text{ for }n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137726122\">\n<h4>Analysis<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137640097\">We see that the common difference is the slope of the line formed when we graph the terms of the sequence, as shown in <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_005\">(Figure)<\/a>. The growth pattern of the sequence shows the constant difference of 11 units.<\/p>\n<div id=\"CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_005\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<figure style=\"width: 487px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154800\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_005.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of the arithmetic sequence. The points form a positive line.\" width=\"487\" height=\"250\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 3.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137664621\" class=\"precalculus qa textbox shaded\">\n<p id=\"eip-id1165137634869\"><strong>Do we have to subtract the first term from the second term to find the common difference?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137677938\"><em> No. We can subtract any term in the sequence from the subsequent term. It is, however, most common to subtract the first term from the second term because it is often the easiest method of finding the common difference.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137472888\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_05\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135542004\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135181244\">Write a recursive formula for the arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137598409\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{25\\text{, } 37\\text{, } 49\\text{, } 61\\text{, } \\text{\u2026}\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137527187\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137447926\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}{a}_{1}=25\\hfill \\\\ {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+12,\\text{ for }n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137733870\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h3>Using Explicit Formulas for Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137650868\">We can think of an <span class=\"no-emphasis\">arithmetic sequence<\/span> as a function on the domain of the natural numbers; it is a linear function because it has a constant rate of change. The common difference is the constant rate of change, or the slope of the function. We can construct the linear function if we know the slope and the vertical intercept.<\/p>\n<div id=\"eip-id1165134225673\" class=\"unnumbered\">[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right)[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137767412\">To find the <em>y<\/em>-intercept of the function, we can subtract the common difference from the first term of the sequence. Consider the following sequence.<\/p>\n<p><span id=\"fs-id1165135701477\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154802\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_006.jpg\" alt=\"A sequence, {200, 150, 100, 50, 0, ...}, that shows the terms differ only by -50.\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135543365\">The common difference is [latex]-50[\/latex], so the sequence represents a linear function with a slope of [latex]-50[\/latex]. To find the [latex]y[\/latex]-intercept, we subtract [latex]-50[\/latex] from[latex]200:\\,200-\\left(-50\\right)=200+50=250[\/latex]. You can also find the [latex]y[\/latex]-intercept by graphing the function and determining where a line that connects the points would intersect the vertical axis. The graph is shown in <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_007\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_007\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<figure style=\"width: 731px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154805\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_007.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of the arithmetic sequence. The points form a negative line.\" width=\"731\" height=\"250\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 4.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137553505\">Recall the slope-intercept form of a line is[latex]\\,y=mx+b.\\,[\/latex]When dealing with sequences, we use [latex]{a}_{n}[\/latex] in place of [latex]y[\/latex] and [latex]n[\/latex] in place of [latex]x.\\,[\/latex]If we know the slope and vertical intercept of the function, we can substitute them for [latex]m[\/latex] and [latex]b[\/latex] in the slope-intercept form of a line. Substituting[latex]\\,-50\\,[\/latex]for the slope and [latex]250[\/latex] for the vertical intercept, we get the following equation:<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134151796\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{a}_{n}=-50n+250[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137419276\">We do not need to find the vertical intercept to write an <span class=\"no-emphasis\">explicit formula<\/span> for an arithmetic sequence. Another explicit formula for this sequence is [latex]{a}_{n}=200-50\\left(n-1\\right)[\/latex], which simplifies to[latex]\\,{a}_{n}=-50n+250.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137855306\" class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Explicit Formula for an Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137894389\">An explicit formula for the [latex]n\\text{th}[\/latex] term of an arithmetic sequence is given by<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165132167069\">[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right)[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"precalculus howto\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137530315\"><strong>Given the first several terms for an arithmetic sequence, write an explicit formula.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137732761\" type=\"1\">\n<li>Find the common difference, [latex]{a}_{2}-{a}_{1}.[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>Substitute the common difference and the first term into [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right).[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_05\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137592291\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137592294\">\n<h3>Writing the <em>n<\/em>th Term Explicit Formula for an Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137589825\">Write an explicit formula for the arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135209025\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{2\\text{, }12\\text{, }22\\text{, }32\\text{, }42\\text{, \u2026}\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137619155\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135196795\">The common difference can be found by subtracting the first term from the second term.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137827643\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}d\\hfill & ={a}_{2}-{a}_{1}\\hfill \\\\ \\hfill & =12-2\\hfill \\\\ \\hfill & =10\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137768648\">The common difference is 10. Substitute the common difference and the first term of the sequence into the formula and simplify.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137450966\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}{a}_{n}=2+10\\left(n-1\\right)\\hfill \\\\ {a}_{n}=10n-8\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137769838\">\n<h4>Analysis<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135444857\">The graph of this sequence, represented in <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_008\">(Figure)<\/a>, shows a slope of 10 and a vertical intercept of [latex]-8[\/latex].<\/p>\n<div id=\"CNX_Precalculus_Figure_11_02_008\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\">\n<figure style=\"width: 487px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154819\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_008.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of the arithmetic sequence. The points form a positive line.\" width=\"487\" height=\"276\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Figure 5.<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_06\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137596308\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135252117\">Write an explicit formula for the following arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165133247941\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{50,47,44,41,\\dots \\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137757748\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137757750\">[latex]{a}_{n}=53-3n[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137454430\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Finding the Number of Terms in a Finite Arithmetic Sequence<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137600326\">Explicit formulas can be used to determine the number of terms in a finite arithmetic sequence. We need to find the common difference, and then determine how many times the common difference must be added to the first term to obtain the final term of the sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137475678\" class=\"precalculus howto textbox tryit\">\n<h3>How To<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137652766\"><strong>Given the first three terms and the last term of a finite arithmetic sequence, find the total number of terms.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165135169419\" type=\"1\">\n<li>Find the common difference [latex]d.[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>Substitute the common difference and the first term into [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n\u20131\\right).[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>Substitute the last term for [latex]{a}_{n}[\/latex] and solve for [latex]n.[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_06\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135199575\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135199577\">\n<h3>Finding the Number of Terms in a Finite Arithmetic Sequence<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137870810\">Find the number of terms in the <span class=\"no-emphasis\">finite arithmetic sequence<\/span>.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135188145\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\left\\{8\\text{, }1\\text{, }\u20136\\text{, }...\\text{, }\u201341\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135237112\">The common difference can be found by subtracting the first term from the second term.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135411367\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]1-8=-7[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135206115\">The common difference is [latex]-7[\/latex]. Substitute the common difference and the initial term of the sequence into the [latex]n\\text{th}[\/latex] term formula and simplify.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137643973\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right)\\hfill \\\\ {a}_{n}=8+\\left(-7\\right)\\left(n-1\\right)\\hfill \\\\ {a}_{n}=15-7n\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137574401\">Substitute [latex]-41[\/latex] for [latex]{a}_{n}[\/latex] and solve for [latex]n[\/latex]<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134138640\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]\\begin{array}{l}-41=15-7n\\hfill \\\\ \\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,\\,8=n\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135528974\">There are eight terms in the sequence.<\/details>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137734532\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_07\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137526884\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137526885\">Find the number of terms in the finite arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div class=\"unnumbered\">[latex]\\left\\{6\\text{, }11\\text{, }16\\text{, }...\\text{, }56\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135149264\">There are 11 terms in the sequence.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137569473\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Solving Application Problems with Arithmetic Sequences<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135192826\">In many application problems, it often makes sense to use an initial term of [latex]{a}_{0}[\/latex] instead of [latex]{a}_{1}.[\/latex] In these problems, we alter the explicit formula slightly to account for the difference in initial terms. We use the following formula:<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137936550\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{0}+dn[\/latex]<\/div>\n<div id=\"Example_11_02_07\" class=\"textbox examples\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137810075\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137810078\">\n<h3>Solving Application Problems with Arithmetic Sequences<\/h3>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137558482\">A five-year old child receives an allowance of $1 each week. His parents promise him an annual increase of $2 per week.<\/p>\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137754613\" type=\"a\">\n<li>Write a formula for the child\u2019s weekly allowance in a given year.<\/li>\n<li>What will the child\u2019s allowance be when he is 16 years old?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137442369\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<ol id=\"fs-id1165137470933\" type=\"a\">\n<li>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137862332\">The situation can be modeled by an arithmetic sequence with an initial term of 1 and a common difference of 2.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137431625\">Let [latex]A[\/latex] be the amount of the allowance and [latex]n[\/latex] be the number of years after age 5. Using the altered explicit formula for an arithmetic sequence we get:<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137781581\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{A}_{n}=1+2n[\/latex]<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135196849\">We can find the number of years since age 5 by subtracting.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135371473\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]16-5=11[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137446464\">We are looking for the child\u2019s allowance after 11 years. Substitute 11 into the formula to find the child\u2019s allowance at age 16.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134031322\" class=\"unnumbered aligncenter\">[latex]{A}_{11}=1+2\\left(11\\right)=23[\/latex]<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137920806\">The child\u2019s allowance at age 16 will be $23 per week.<\/details>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137423288\" class=\"textbox tryit\">\n<h3>Try It<\/h3>\n<div id=\"ti_11_02_08\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137453247\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137755821\">A woman decides to go for a 10-minute run every day this week and plans to increase the time of her daily run by 4 minutes each week. Write a formula for the time of her run after n weeks. How long will her daily run be 8 weeks from today?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137423626\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137423627\">The formula is [latex]{T}_{n}=10+4n,\\,[\/latex]and it will take her 42 minutes.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137731449\" class=\"precalculus media\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137837898\">Access this online resource for additional instruction and practice with arithmetic sequences.<\/p>\n<ul id=\"url-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/openstaxcollege.org\/l\/arithmeticseq\">Arithmetic Sequences<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137442033\" class=\"key-equations\">\n<h3>Key Equations<\/h3>\n<table id=\"eip-id1165135528502\" summary=\"..\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>recursive formula for nth term of an arithmetic sequence<\/td>\n<td>[latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+d,n\\ge 2[\/latex]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>explicit formula for nth term of an arithmetic sequence<\/td>\n<td>[latex]\\begin{array}{l}{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right)\\end{array}[\/latex]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134037666\" class=\"textbox key-takeaways\">\n<h3>Key Concepts<\/h3>\n<ul id=\"fs-id1165135187616\">\n<li>An arithmetic sequence is a sequence where the difference between any two consecutive terms is a constant.<\/li>\n<li>The constant between two consecutive terms is called the common difference.<\/li>\n<li>The common difference is the number added to any one term of an arithmetic sequence that generates the subsequent term. See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_01\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>The terms of an arithmetic sequence can be found by beginning with the initial term and adding the common difference repeatedly. See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_02\">(Figure)<\/a> and <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_03\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>A recursive formula for an arithmetic sequence with common difference [latex]d[\/latex] is given by [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+d,n\\ge 2.[\/latex] See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_04\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>As with any recursive formula, the initial term of the sequence must be given.<\/li>\n<li>An explicit formula for an arithmetic sequence with common difference [latex]d[\/latex] is given by [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{1}+d\\left(n-1\\right).[\/latex] See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_05\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>An explicit formula can be used to find the number of terms in a sequence. See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_06\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>In application problems, we sometimes alter the explicit formula slightly to [latex]{a}_{n}={a}_{0}+dn.[\/latex] See <a class=\"autogenerated-content\" href=\"#Example_11_02_07\">(Figure)<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137862597\" class=\"textbox exercises\">\n<h3>Section Exercises<\/h3>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137806994\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Verbal<\/h4>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443202\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443204\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137443206\">What is an arithmetic sequence?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137605230\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137605232\">A sequence where each successive term of the sequence increases (or decreases) by a constant value.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135641668\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135205879\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135205881\">How is the common difference of an arithmetic sequence found?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137454593\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137454595\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137454597\">How do we determine whether a sequence is arithmetic?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p>We find whether the difference between all consecutive terms is the same. This is the same as saying that the sequence has a common difference.<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135296347\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135296349\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135296351\">What are the main differences between using a recursive formula and using an explicit formula to describe an arithmetic sequence?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137628379\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137628382\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135687866\">Describe how linear functions and arithmetic sequences are similar. How are they different?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135687870\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137836482\">Both arithmetic sequences and linear functions have a constant rate of change. They are different because their domains are not the same; linear functions are defined for all real numbers, and arithmetic sequences are defined for natural numbers or a subset of the natural numbers.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135245639\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Algebraic<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165134069164\">For the following exercises, find the common difference for the arithmetic sequence provided.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135187016\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135187019\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135187021\">[latex]\\left\\{5,11,17,23,29,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137794236\">[latex]\\left\\{0,\\frac{1}{2},1,\\frac{3}{2},2,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137823149\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137654842\">The common difference is [latex]\\frac{1}{2}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137611113\">For the following exercises, determine whether the sequence is arithmetic. If so find the common difference.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137461257\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137461259\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137461261\">[latex]\\left\\{11.4,9.3,7.2,5.1,3,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137453581\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137453584\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137453586\">[latex]\\left\\{4,16,64,256,1024,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137593311\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135429371\">The sequence is not arithmetic because [latex]16-4\\ne 64-16.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137628803\">For the following exercises, write the first five terms of the arithmetic sequence given the first term and common difference.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137834604\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137834606\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137834608\">[latex]{a}_{1}=-25[\/latex], [latex]d=-9[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137755512\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137755514\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137580022\">[latex]{a}_{1}=0[\/latex], [latex]d=\\frac{2}{3}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137755793\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137438873\">[latex]0,\\,\\frac{2}{3},\\,\\frac{4}{3},\\,2,\\,\\frac{8}{3}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137828050\">For the following exercises, write the first five terms of the arithmetic series given two terms.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443016\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443018\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137443020\">[latex]{a}_{1}=17,\\,{a}_{7}=-31[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137432027\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137604121\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137604123\">[latex]{a}_{13}=-60,\\,{a}_{33}=-160[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137833021\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137833023\">[latex]0,-5,-10,-15,-20[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137838376\">For the following exercises, find the specified term for the arithmetic sequence given the first term and common difference.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135572101\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135572103\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137762625\">First term is 3, common difference is 4, find the 5<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137462061\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137462064\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137462065\">First term is 4, common difference is 5, find the 4<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137936647\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137460595\">[latex]{a}_{4}=19[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137580727\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137580729\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137580731\">First term is 5, common difference is 6, find the 8<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137445882\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137445884\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137445886\">First term is 6, common difference is 7, find the 6<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134164069\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137628270\">[latex]{a}_{6}=41[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137732594\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137732596\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137732598\">First term is 7, common difference is 8, find the 7<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137451360\">For the following exercises, find the first term given two terms from an arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137451364\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137445645\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137445648\">Find the first term or [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] of an arithmetic sequence if [latex]{a}_{6}=12[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{14}=28.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137770281\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137664354\">[latex]{a}_{1}=2[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"eip-889\">\n<div id=\"eip-863\">\n<p id=\"eip-917\">Find the first term or [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] of an arithmetic sequence if [latex]{a}_{7}=21[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{15}=42.\\,[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137536158\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137756094\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137756096\">Find the first term or [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] of an arithmetic sequence if [latex]{a}_{8}=40[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{23}=115.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137597826\">[latex]{a}_{1}=5[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137456275\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137807536\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137807538\">Find the first term or [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] of an arithmetic sequence if [latex]{a}_{9}=54[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{17}=102.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137404685\">\n<div>\n<p>Find the first term or [latex]{a}_{1}[\/latex] of an arithmetic sequence if [latex]{a}_{11}=11[\/latex] and [latex]{a}_{21}=16.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137645559\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137645561\">[latex]{a}_{1}=6[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137874823\">For the following exercises, find the specified term given two terms from an arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137640865\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137640867\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137640869\">[latex]{a}_{1}=33\\,[\/latex]and[latex]\\,{a}_{7}=-15.[\/latex] Find[latex]\\,{a}_{4}.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137668391\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137668394\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137668396\">[latex]{a}_{3}=-17.1\\,[\/latex]and[latex]\\,{a}_{10}=-15.7.[\/latex] Find[latex]{a}_{21}.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137812705\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137812707\">[latex]{a}_{21}=-13.5[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>For the following exercises, use the recursive formula to write the first five terms of the arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137900351\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137900353\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137900355\">[latex]{a}_{1}=39;\\text{ }{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}-3[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443989\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137443992\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137675444\">[latex]{a}_{1}=-19;\\text{ }{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}-1.4[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135542702\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135542705\">[latex]-19,-20.4,-21.8,-23.2,-24.6[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135471109\">For the following exercises, write a recursive formula for each arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134200171\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165134200173\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165134200175\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{40,60,80,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135190243\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135190246\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135190993\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{17,26,35,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135168066\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135168069\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{a}_{1}=17; {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+9\\hfill & n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736031\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736033\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137736035\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-1,2,5,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135253828\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135253830\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135253832\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{12,17,22,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137757964\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137757966\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{a}_{1}=12; {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+5\\hfill & n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137628141\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137761720\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137761722\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-15,-7,1,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137757350\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135390990\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135390992\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{8.9,10.3,11.7,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137871677\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p>[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{a}_{1}=8.9; {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+1.4\\hfill & n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137722265\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137722268\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137387534\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-0.52,-1.02,-1.52,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137921629\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137595277\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137595279\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{\\frac{1}{5},\\frac{9}{20},\\frac{7}{10},...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137556832\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137556834\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{a}_{1}=\\frac{1}{5}; {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+\\frac{1}{4}\\hfill & n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135242878\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135242880\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137675626\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-\\frac{1}{2},-\\frac{5}{4},-2,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137446556\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137446558\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{\\frac{1}{6},-\\frac{11}{12},-2,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137601139\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137601142\">[latex]\\begin{array}{ll}{}_{1}=\\frac{1}{6}; {a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}-\\frac{13}{12}\\hfill & n\\ge 2\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137850291\">For the following exercises, write a recursive formula for the given arithmetic sequence, and then find the specified term.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135187433\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135187435\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135187437\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{7\\text{, }4\\text{, }1\\text{, }...\\right\\};\\,[\/latex]Find the 17<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137436124\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137436126\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137436129\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{4\\text{, }11\\text{, }18\\text{, }...\\right\\};\\,[\/latex]Find the 14<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137738063\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137738065\">[latex]{a}_{1}=4;\\text{ }{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}+7;\\text{ }{a}_{14}=95[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137462539\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137462541\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137462544\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{2\\text{, }6\\text{, }10\\text{, }...\\right\\};\\,[\/latex]Find the 12<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137757972\">For the following exercises, use the explicit formula to write the first five terms of the arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137757976\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137757978\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137601510\">[latex]{a}_{n}=24-4n[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135194498\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p>First five terms: [latex]20,16,12,8,4.[\/latex]<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137657613\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137657615\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137462350\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\frac{1}{2}n-\\frac{1}{2}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137898052\">For the following exercises, write an explicit formula for each arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137898058\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137574550\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{3,5,7,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137732173\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137911607\">[latex]{a}_{n}=1+2n[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135453351\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135453353\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{32,24,16,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137400838\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137400840\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137400842\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-5\\text{, }95\\text{, }195\\text{, }...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137933221\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p>[latex]{a}_{n}=-105+100n[\/latex]<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135390900\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135264749\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135264752\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-17\\text{, }-217\\text{, }-417\\text{,}...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135169141\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135169143\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{1.8\\text{, }3.6\\text{, }5.4\\text{, }...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135332857\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135332859\">[latex]{a}_{n}=1.8n[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137827566\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137827568\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135195519\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-18.1,-16.2,-14.3,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137540888\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137540891\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137863388\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{15.8,18.5,21.2,...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137422379\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137698681\">[latex]{a}_{n}=13.1+2.7n[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137704614\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{\\frac{1}{3},-\\frac{4}{3},-3\\text{, }...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137647272\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137647274\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137647277\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{0,\\frac{1}{3},\\frac{2}{3},...\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135452427\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137851969\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\frac{1}{3}n-\\frac{1}{3}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135487119\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135487121\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135487123\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{-5,-\\frac{10}{3},-\\frac{5}{3},\\dots \\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135160917\">For the following exercises, find the number of terms in the given finite arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135160921\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137748441\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137748443\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{3\\text{,}-4\\text{,}-11\\text{, }...\\text{,}-60\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137535636\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137535639\">There are 10 terms in the sequence.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137817430\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137817432\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137817434\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{1.2,1.4,1.6,...,3.8\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137843924\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137843927\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137843929\">[latex]{a}_{n}=\\left\\{\\frac{1}{2},2,\\frac{7}{2},...,8\\right\\}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137782392\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137782394\">There are 6 terms in the sequence.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Graphical<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137659728\">For the following exercises, determine whether the graph shown represents an arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137605906\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137605908\"><span id=\"fs-id1165137452753\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154826\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_201.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, -4), (2, -2), (3, 0), (4, 2), and (5, 4). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.\" \/><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137697189\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137697191\"><span id=\"fs-id1165137640848\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154829\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_202.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, 1.5), (2, 2.25), (3, 3.375), (4, 5.0625), and (5, 7.5938). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.\" \/><\/span><\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135186573\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137676403\">The graph does not represent an arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137676408\">For the following exercises, use the information provided to graph the first 5 terms of the arithmetic sequence.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137768048\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137768050\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137768052\">[latex]{a}_{1}=0,d=4[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137507791\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137507793\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135188493\">[latex]{a}_{1}=9;{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}-10[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137532662\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p><span id=\"fs-id1165134065142\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154834\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_204.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, 9), (2, -1), (3, -11), (4, -21), and (5, -31). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.\" \/><\/span><\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135185958\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135185960\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135185962\">[latex]{a}_{n}=-12+5n[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137723291\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Technology<\/h4>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137723296\">For the following exercises, follow the steps to work with the arithmetic sequence [latex]{a}_{n}=3n-2[\/latex] using a graphing calculator:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Press <strong>[MODE]<\/strong>\n<ul id=\"fs-id1165137399747\">\n<li>Select SEQ in the fourth line<\/li>\n<li>Select DOT in the fifth line<\/li>\n<li>Press <strong>[ENTER]<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Press <strong>[Y=]<\/strong>\n<ul id=\"fs-id1165134079601\">\n<li>[latex]n\\text{Min}\\,[\/latex]is the first counting number for the sequence. Set [latex]\\,n\\text{Min}=1[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]u\\left(n\\right)\\,[\/latex]is the pattern for the sequence. Set [latex]\\,u\\left(n\\right)=3n-2[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>[latex]u(n\\text{Min)}\\,[\/latex]is the first number in the sequence. Set [latex]\\,u(n\\text{Min)}=1[\/latex]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Press <strong>[2ND]<\/strong> then <strong>[WINDOW]<\/strong> to go to <strong>TBLSET<\/strong>\n<ul id=\"fs-id1165137401268\">\n<li>Set[latex]\\,\\text{TblStart}=1[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>Set[latex]\\,\\Delta \\text{Tbl}=1[\/latex]<\/li>\n<li>Set Indpnt: Auto and Depend: Auto<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Press <strong>[2ND]<\/strong> then <strong>[GRAPH]<\/strong> to go to the <strong>TABLE<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135369627\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135369630\">\n<p>What are the first seven terms shown in the column with the heading [latex]u\\left(n\\right)\\text{?}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137834424\">[latex]1,4,7,10,13,16,19[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135203701\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135203703\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137761453\">Use the scroll-down arrow to scroll to[latex]n=50.[\/latex] What value is given for [latex]u\\left(n\\right)\\text{?}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137806911\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137806913\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137806915\">Press <strong>[WINDOW]<\/strong>. Set[latex]\\,n\\text{Min}=1,n\\text{Max}=5,x\\text{Min}=0,x\\text{Max}=6,y\\text{Min}=-1,\\,[\/latex]and[latex]\\,y\\text{Max}=14.\\,[\/latex]Then press <strong>[GRAPH]<\/strong>. Graph the sequence as it appears on the graphing calculator.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137828039\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p><span id=\"fs-id1165137831199\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154839\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_206.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 7), (4, 10), and (5, 13). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.\" \/><\/span><\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137754896\">For the following exercises, follow the steps given above to work with the arithmetic sequence [latex]{a}_{n}=\\frac{1}{2}n+5[\/latex] using a graphing calculator.<\/p>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135351605\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135351607\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135351609\">What are the first seven terms shown in the column with the heading[latex]\\,u\\left(n\\right)\\,[\/latex]in the TABLE feature?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736192\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736195\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137736197\">Graph the sequence as it appears on the graphing calculator. Be sure to adjust the WINDOW settings as needed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135307896\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p><span id=\"fs-id1165137473103\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com\/courses-images\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3252\/2018\/07\/19154841\/CNX_Precalc_Figure_11_02_207.jpg\" alt=\"Graph of a scattered plot with labeled points: (1, 5.5), (2, 6), (3, 6.5), (4, 7), and (5, 7.5). The x-axis is labeled n and the y-axis is labeled a_n.\" \/><\/span><\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137697185\" class=\"bc-section section\">\n<h4>Extensions<\/h4>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137772359\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137772361\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137772363\">Give two examples of arithmetic sequences whose 4<sup>th<\/sup> terms are [latex]9.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135198529\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135198531\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135194560\">Give two examples of arithmetic sequences whose 10<sup>th<\/sup> terms are [latex]206.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135203799\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135203800\">Answers will vary. Examples: [latex]{a}_{n}=20.6n[\/latex]and[latex]{a}_{n}=2+20.4\\mathrm{n.}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135245567\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135245570\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137679215\">Find the 5<sup>th<\/sup> term of the arithmetic sequence [latex]\\left\\{9b,5b,b,\\dots \\right\\}.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135341373\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135341376\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135341378\">Find the 11<sup>th<\/sup> term of the arithmetic sequence [latex]\\left\\{3a-2b,a+2b,-a+6b\\dots \\right\\}.[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135208952\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135208954\">[latex]{a}_{11}=-17a+38b[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137453158\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135452490\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135452492\">At which term does the sequence [latex]\\left\\{5.4,14.5,23.6,...\\right\\}[\/latex] exceed 151?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736075\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137736077\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137736079\">At which term does the sequence [latex]\\left\\{\\frac{17}{3},\\frac{31}{6},\\frac{14}{3},...\\right\\}[\/latex] begin to have negative values?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137767976\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137767978\">The sequence begins to have negative values at the 13<sup>th<\/sup> term, [latex]{a}_{13}=-\\frac{1}{3}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137805518\">\n<div>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137805522\">For which terms does the finite arithmetic sequence [latex]\\left\\{\\frac{5}{2},\\frac{19}{8},\\frac{9}{4},...,\\frac{1}{8}\\right\\}[\/latex] have integer values?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137811777\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137811780\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137811782\">Write an arithmetic sequence using a recursive formula. Show the first 4 terms, and then find the 31<sup>st<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165137812674\" class=\"solution textbox shaded\">\n<details>\n<summary>Show Solution<\/summary>\n<p id=\"fs-id1165137812676\">Answers will vary. Check to see that the sequence is arithmetic. Example: Recursive formula: [latex]{a}_{1}=3,{a}_{n}={a}_{n-1}-3.[\/latex] First 4 terms: [latex]\\begin{array}{ll}3,0,-3,-6\\hfill & {a}_{31}=-87\\hfill \\end{array}[\/latex]<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135188236\">\n<div id=\"fs-id1165135188238\">\n<p id=\"fs-id1165135188240\">Write an arithmetic sequence using an explicit formula. Show the first 4 terms, and then find the 28<sup>th<\/sup> term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<h3>Glossary<\/h3>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1165137415238\">\n<dt>arithmetic sequence<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1165137415244\">a sequence in which the difference between any two consecutive terms is a constant<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<dl id=\"fs-id1165137415248\">\n<dt>common difference<\/dt>\n<dd id=\"fs-id1165135174993\">the difference between any two consecutive terms in an arithmetic sequence<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":291,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":null,"pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-203","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":198,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/203","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/291"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/203\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":204,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/203\/revisions\/204"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/198"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/203\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=203"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=203"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=203"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/testinternalcloneforcomparison\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=203"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}