{"id":1591,"date":"2018-08-14T18:14:58","date_gmt":"2018-08-14T18:14:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/chapter\/french-201-bastille-2\/"},"modified":"2020-02-13T15:32:50","modified_gmt":"2020-02-13T15:32:50","slug":"french-201-bastille-2","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/chapter\/french-201-bastille-2\/","title":{"raw":"French 201 Bastille ISP","rendered":"French 201 Bastille ISP"},"content":{"raw":"Past tense: <\/span><\/strong>Before we read this again, let's look briefly at the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span>.\n\nRemember, this author chose to use the pass\u00e9 simple<\/span><\/em> when most these days would use the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span>. For our purposes, they indicate the same time of action<\/span><\/span> (an action that is completed in the past). Choosing the pass\u00e9 simple<\/span><\/em> (a tense we really don't study in elementary French class) was stylistic; it gives the text a more lofty, serious or formal feel.\n\nWhat past tense would you<\/span> use in Italian<\/span><\/strong>, Spanish <\/span><\/strong>or Portuguese<\/span><\/strong>?\n
    \n \t
  • If you speak Italian<\/span><\/strong>, the situation is somewhat similar. Depending on the reagion or on the level of discourse, you know you have a choice between the passato remoto<\/span><\/em> (one word, eg, Lavorai<\/em>.) <\/span>and the passato prossimo<\/span><\/em> (two words, eg., Ho lavorato<\/span><\/em>.) In \"normal\" French discourse, one would always use the cousin to the passato prossimo<\/span><\/em> known as the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span><\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \n \t
    • In Spanish<\/span><\/strong>, the difference between the preterito <\/span><\/em>(one word, eg, Trabaj\u00e9<\/span><\/em>.) and the presente perfecto<\/span><\/em> (two words, eg., He trabajado<\/em><\/span>) is very much like in English (with a few regional exceptions). In \"normal\" French discourse, one would always use the cousin to the presente perfecto<\/span> known as the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span><\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n \t
      • In Portuguese<\/span><\/strong>, the difference between the preterito <\/span>(one word, eg, Trabalhei<\/span><\/span><\/em>.) and the passado perfeito<\/span><\/em> (two words, eg., Tenho trabalhado<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>) is very much like in English (with a few regional exceptions). In \"normal\" French discourse, one would always use the cousin to the passado perfeito<\/span><\/em> known as the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span><\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nC'est bon? D'accord. Continuons.","rendered":"

        Past tense: <\/span><\/strong>Before we read this again, let’s look briefly at the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span>.<\/p>\n

        Remember, this author chose to use the pass\u00e9 simple<\/span><\/em> when most these days would use the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span>. For our purposes, they indicate the same time of action<\/span><\/span> (an action that is completed in the past). Choosing the pass\u00e9 simple<\/span><\/em> (a tense we really don’t study in elementary French class) was stylistic; it gives the text a more lofty, serious or formal feel.<\/p>\n

        What past tense would you<\/span> use in Italian<\/span><\/strong>, Spanish <\/span><\/strong>or Portuguese<\/span><\/strong>?<\/p>\n

          \n
        • If you speak Italian<\/span><\/strong>, the situation is somewhat similar. Depending on the reagion or on the level of discourse, you know you have a choice between the passato remoto<\/span><\/em> (one word, eg, Lavorai<\/em>.) <\/span>and the passato prossimo<\/span><\/em> (two words, eg., Ho lavorato<\/span><\/em>.) In “normal” French discourse, one would always use the cousin to the passato prossimo<\/span><\/em> known as the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span><\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \n
          • In Spanish<\/span><\/strong>, the difference between the preterito <\/span><\/em>(one word, eg, Trabaj\u00e9<\/span><\/em>.) and the presente perfecto<\/span><\/em> (two words, eg., He trabajado<\/em><\/span>) is very much like in English (with a few regional exceptions). In “normal” French discourse, one would always use the cousin to the presente perfecto<\/span> known as the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span><\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \n
            • In Portuguese<\/span><\/strong>, the difference between the preterito <\/span>(one word, eg, Trabalhei<\/span><\/span><\/em>.) and the passado perfeito<\/span><\/em> (two words, eg., Tenho trabalhado<\/span>.<\/span><\/span>) is very much like in English (with a few regional exceptions). In “normal” French discourse, one would always use the cousin to the passado perfeito<\/span><\/em> known as the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span><\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              C’est bon? D’accord. Continuons.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-1591","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":1584,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1591","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1591\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1592,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1591\/revisions\/1592"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/1584"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/1591\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1591"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=1591"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=1591"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/integrations.pressbooks.network\/frenchcscr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=1591"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}